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A Misguided Tobacco Policy? Public Policy and Consumption Substitutability Between Cigarettes and An Important Smokeless Tobacco Alternative AgEcon
Maki, Jennifer.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Snus; Tobacco; Smokeless Tobacco; Agricultural and Food Policy; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103620
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A PRIMER for Selecting New Enterprises for Your Farm AgEcon
Woods, Timothy A.; Isaacs, Steven G..
This publication is designed to help producers evaluate new enterprises for their farms of family businesses. It is based on a set of worksheets to help evaluate Profitability, Resource requirements, Information needs, Marketing decisions, Enthusiasm for, and the Risk associated with a new enterprise.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Alternatives; Marketing; Business plan; Diversification; Tobacco; Agribusiness; Marketing.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42316
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Aggregate and Farm-level Productivity Growth in Tobacco: Before and After the Quota Buyout AgEcon
Kirwan, Barrett E.; White, T. Kirk; Uchida, Shinsuke.
We examine the distortionary effects of agricultural policy on farm productivity by examining the response of U.S. tobacco farmers' productivity to the quota buyout of 2004. We isolate the impact of distortionary policy, i.e., the tobacco quota, by decomposing aggregate productivity growth into the contribution of farm-level productivity growth and the contribution of reallocation of resources among tobacco growers. Reallocation of resources includes entry into and exit from tobacco farming, as well as growth or decline of the resources allocated to existing tobacco farms. We find that aggregate productivity of Kentucky tobacco farms grew 37% between 2002 and 2007. Reallocation of resources among continuing tobacco farms contributed 22 percentage points...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Tobacco; Quotas; Aggregate Productivity Growth; Re-allocation; Crop Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; E32; L6; O47.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56353
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ARRANJO PRODUTIVO FUMAGEIRO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL: UM ESTUDO SOBRE OS NOVOS CENÁRIOS COMPETITIVOS AgEcon
Alievi, Rejane Maria; Wegner, Douglas; Maciel, Alessandra Costenaro.
O artigo analisa as especificidades e as estratégias competitivas do arranjo produtivo fumageiro, localizado na Região do Vale do Rio Pardo, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Historicamente, a cadeia produtiva fumageira é a atividade que dinamiza a economia regional. Porém, com o aumento das campanhas antitabagistas e a assinatura de acordos internacionais para controle do consumo de cigarros, estudos sobre concentração e dependência produtiva são necessários para que estas economias possam analisar oportunidades para promover a diversificação da produção. Neste sentido, o estudo baseou-se nas abordagens teóricas sobre arranjos produtivos locais e realizou entrevistas em profundidade com os principais agentes que atuam direta e indiretamente no arranjo...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Tabaco; Arranjo produtivo local; Agricultura; Estratégias; Tobacco; Local productive arrangement; Agriculture; Strategies; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109714
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Biology of Corecoris dentiventris Berg, 1884 (Hemiptera, Coreidae) in tobacco culture (Nicotiana tabacum) BJB
CALDAS,B.-H. C.; REDAELLI,L. R.; DIEFENBACH,L. M. G..
Corecoris dentiventris Berg, 1884 (HEM., Coreidae) represents a pest in the tobacco culture in Southern Brazil. Nymphs and adults cause the wilting and twisting of the tobacco leaves due to their sucking habit. There are very few works about this species and these are restricted to concise description of the adult morphology, records of host plants and enumeration of injuries. The present investigation aims to study the life cycle of this bug. The experiment was carried out in a tobacco culture (Virginia type, var. K 326) implanted in the experimental area of the Departamento de Fitossanidade of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, in Porto Alegre, RS. The life cycle was studied in field conditions, in nylon cages, from egg clusters oviposited by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Corecoris dentiventris; Life cycle; Tobacco.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-71082000000100020
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Biomass smoke COPD has less tomographic abnormalities but worse hypoxemia compared with tobacco COPD BJMBR
Meneghini,A.C.; Koenigkam-Santos,M.; Pereira,M.C.; Tonidandel,P.R.; Terra-Filho,J.; Cunha,F.Q.; Menezes,M.B. de; Vianna,E.O..
Special attention has emerged towards biomass smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), providing new knowledge for prevention and therapeutic approach of non-smoker COPD patients. However, the understanding of biomass smoke COPD is still limited and somewhat controversial. The aim of the present study was to compare COPD exclusively caused by tobacco smoking with COPD exclusively caused by environmental or occupational exposures. For this cross-sectional study, COPD patients were recruited from outpatient clinics and formed two groups: non-smoker COPD group (n=16) with exposure to biomass smoke who did not smoke cigarette and tobacco smoker COPD group (n=15) with people who did not report biomass smoke exposure. Subjects underwent...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Biomass; Tobacco.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2019000500601
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CHANGING TOBACCO MARKETS: EFFECTS ON BURLEY TOBACCO FARMS AgEcon
Tiller, Kelly; Ray, Daryll E.; Slinsky, Stephen P..
Three representative Tennessee tobacco farms are used to estimate farm-level impacts of (1) program continuation with further quota cuts, and (2) program elimination in 2000. Results indicate that program elimination has more potential to reduce farm income and that larger and more diversified farms are less affected in both scenarios.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Tobacco; Farm-level analysis; Representative farms; Tennessee agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21595
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Cloning and sequence analysis of tomato cpDNA fragments: towards developing homologous chloroplast transformation vectors Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Berger,Irving Joseph; Carraro,Dirce Maria; Bock,Ralph; Azevedo,Ricardo Antunes; Carrer,Helaine.
With the view of developing chloroplast transformation vectors based on homologous targeting regions for tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.), plastid DNA fragments of tomato cv. IAC-Santa Clara were cloned and analyzed. Isolation and cloning of PstI/SalI chloroplast fragments into the pBlueScript vectors yielded the plasmids pIJB1 and pIJB2 with cpDNA fragments of 8.6 kb and 6.4 kb, respectively. DNA sequencing and computer analyses revealed that the tomato sequences cloned display from 93 to 100 % of identity to the respective fragments in tobacco, which is more pronounced in coding regions. The intergenic spacers are somewhat less conserved suggesting that evolutionary divergences occurred mainly in these putative non-coding regions. The most remarkable...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Lycopersicon esculentum; Nicotiana tabacum; Chloroplast DNA; Plastid transformation; Plastome; Tobacco; Tomato.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202005000200007
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Comparison of risk factors among blood donors, volunteers and replacement individuals, infected or not by hepatitis C virus J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis.
Felippe,MJDB; Meira,DA.
Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily parenterally by contaminated blood and is often associated with: intravenous drug abuse, invasive procedures, blood transfusions, acupuncture, tattooing, and alcohol and tobacco use. This study aimed to quantify and evaluate the risk factors among blood donors, volunteer blood donors and replacement individuals, infected or not by the C virus. The main transmission routes of C virus were identified in 55 men and 25 women (GI) monitored by the Ambulatory Unit of the Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School, and in 24 men and 26 women (GII), all active blood donors at the Bauru State Hospital Transfusional Agency. Both groups were similar in: tobacco and alcohol consumption, sexual behavior, tattooing and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Hepatitis C; Risk factors; Blood donors; Injectable drugs; Tobacco; Alcohol; Marijuana; Sexual behavior.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992009000100010
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Complementing firewood with alternative energy sources in Rio Pardo Watershed, Brazil Ciência Rural
Dessbesell,Luana; Farias,Jorge Antonio de; Roesch,Fábio.
ABSTRACT: Wood is the primary energy source for grains and Tobacco drying in the Rio Pardo Watershed (RPW). The amount of firewood produced in the RPW is not enough to supply the demand. Recently, an automatized supply system was introduced in the region enabling the use of sawdust and pellets. In this context, this study aims to compare firewood, sawdust and pellets as energy sources for Tobacco curing in air-forced curing systems. Energetic density was used to estimate the biomass consumption in Tobacco curing. The consumption of biomass is lower for pellet, followed by firewood and sawdust. Pellets and sawdust could complement firewood in the region; however, research is necessary to ascertain the economic feasibility.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Tobacco; Pellet; Sawdust; Energetic density.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000900301
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Effect of smoking habits on sleep BJMBR
Conway,S.G.; Roizenblatt,S.S.; Palombini,L.; Castro,L.S.; Bittencourt,L.R.A.; Silva,R.S.; Tufik,S..
To evaluate the effect of smoking habits on sleep, data from 1492 adults referred to the Sleep Institute were accessed and divided into 3 categories of smoking status: current, former and non-smokers. Categories of pack-years (<15 and ≥15) defined smoking severity. The association of smoking status and smoking severity with sleep was analyzed for sleep parameters, especially apnea and hypopnea index (AHI) ≥5, more than 5% of total sleep time (TST) spent with oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO2) <90%, and arousal index. The arousal index was higher among current (21 ± 17) and former smokers (20 ± 17) than non-smokers (17 ± 15; P < 0.04). Former smokers had a higher percent of TST at SaO2 <90% than non-smokers (9 ± 18 vs 6 ± 13; P < 0.04). Former...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Smoking; Tobacco; Smoking cessation; Sleep; Sleep-disordered breathing.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008000800014
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Effects of Trade Liberalization on Agriculture in Malaysia: Commodity Aspects AgEcon
Tengku Ahmad, Tengku Mohd Ariff; Tawang, Ariffin.
This book analyzes commodity aspects of the effects of trade liberalization on agriculture in Malaysia. The study describes the effects of trade liberalization on selected commodities namely palm oil, rice, and tobacco at the national level and farm level. The analysis included ex-ante and ex-post welfare gain and loss at the national level and profitability at the farm level.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Trade liberalization; Farmers; Palm oils; Rice; Tobacco; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32694
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Effects of variety and plant spacing on weight, surface and yield of tobacco leaf (K326 and 347 Var.) CIGR Journal
Azadbakht, Mohsen; Ghajarjazi, Ehsan; Kiapei, Ali; Jafari, Hassan; Salehi, Ebrahim; Pishgar, Reza.
Tobacco is one of the important agricultural and industrial products which plays a crucial role in economics and income of the producing countries and tobacco’s leaves are actually used commercially. In this study, the effects of two tobacco varieties K326 and 347 in three plant spacing of 30, 40, and 50 cm (with density of 33333, 25000 and 20000 plants/ha) on physical properties and weight of tobacco leaves are discussed. The results of variance analysis showed that the ¬¬¬effects of variety and plant spacing on leaf surface in 5% level were significant. Interaction effect of these two factors wasn’t significant. Also results showed that independent and interaction effects of plant spacing and different varieties of tobacco on leaf weight were significant...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Tobacco; Plant spacing; Leaf; Weight; Yield.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3646
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Expression of the antibody 14D9 in Nicotiana tabacum hairy roots Electron. J. Biotechnol.
Martínez,Carolina; Petruccelli,Silvana; Giulietti,Ana María; Alvarez,María Alejandra.
Nicotiana tabacum hairy roots that express the antibody 14D9 were established. The 14D9 antibody yield obtained after 20 days of culture was 5.95 &#956;g 14D9ml-1. The addition of the reticulum endoplasmic retention sequence KDEL demonstrated a positive effect over the intracellular 14D9 amounts with a yield increase up to 20.82 µg ml-1. DMSO increased the antibody amount in the biomass from 20.00 to 64.03 µg ml-1 while PVP (at 1.5 gl-1) and gelatine (at 5.0 gl-1) increased total 14D9 amounts in the culture medium to 25 µg and 14 µg respectively
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Catalytic antibodies; In vitro cultures; Molecular farming; Recombinant antibodies; Tobacco.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582005000200006
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Gibberellin action on growth, development and production of tobacco Sci. Agrar.Paran. / SAP
Almeida, A. Q. de; Vieira, E. L..
This work aimed at evaluating the action of gibberellin on growth, development and production of Nicotiana tabacum L., Type Brasil-Bahia. Liquid gibberellin in doses of 0, 1.25, 3.75, 6.75 and 10.0 mL L-1 was sprayed on leaves of plants grown in greenhouse. The pelleted seeds were sowed in expanded polystyrene trays containing PlantMax®. Fifteen days after sowing (DAS), the treatments were applied. Six sprayings were made once a day, every five days. After 43 DAS, the number of leaves, length of the stem and root, dry matter of stem, leaves and roots, and leaf area were evaluated. In the field, the plants remained for 64 days and the number of total leaves, number of feasible leaves, plant height, dry matter of stem and leaves, and leaf area were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Elongation; GA3; Increasing; Leaf pulverization; Tobacco.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://e-revista.unioeste.br/index.php/scientiaagraria/article/view/4271
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HOPES AND FEARS: THE NEW WORLD TRADE NEGOTIATIONS AND SOUTHERN AGRICULTURE AgEcon
Marchant, Mary A..
Understanding the impacts of the Uruguay Round (UR) Agreement on southern commodities serves as a starting point to assess the potential impacts of the next global trade negotiations in terms of hope (expanding export markets) and fear (new competition). Key issues examined include whether or not the UR Agreement resulted in new markets or new competition for key southern commodities-cotton, poultry, tobacco, and rice. For new markets, export data were analyzed to determine if exports increased since the passage of the UR Agreement in 1994. Also, countries that are leading world importers of these southern commodities were identified and data analyzed to determine whether the U.S. is exporting to these top markets. Alternatively, to assess whether the...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Cotton; General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT); International trade; Poultry; Rice; The South; Tobacco; Uruguay Round Agreements; World Trade Organization (WTO); International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15367
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Innováció a javából: a dohányzásról leszoktató cigaretta AgEcon
Hajdune Borsos, Adrienn.
A füstmentes társadalom megvalósításáról szól az írás. Alapja pályázati forrásból kidolgozott új gyártmány, melynek használatával feloldható a dohányzás szenvedélye, a leszokás kellemetlen fiziológiai kínjai nélkül. Az eredmény: tudatos egészségvédelem, jelentős gazdasági előnnyel! Az alapgondolat Szőke Éva professzor asszonytól származik, miszerint a lobélia addicionálja a nikotin hatását. Ebből indult ki az az innováció, ami az alapanyag-termelésen keresztül eljutott a „0” széria előállításáig, majd a szabványos degusztáció igazolta a kísérlet hipotézisét. A „kísérleti készítményt” a gyógynövénykészítmények közé indokolt sorolni, esetleg ANTINIKOTEX találó néven. Elterjesztése érdekében „közegészségügyi” besorolása ajánlható – társadalmi jelentősége...
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Dohány; Szenvedély; Egészségkockázat; Lobélia; Gazdaságos életvitel; Tobacco; Abuse; Health risk; Lobelia; Economical lifestyle; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Marketing.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119923
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Market Access by Smallholder Farmers in Malawi: Implications for Technology Adoption, Agricultural Productivity, and Crop Income AgEcon
Zeller, Manfred; Diagne, Aliou; Mataya, Charles.
In Malawi, maize is the major crop and food staple. Given limited off-farm employment opportunities, much-needed increases in household income for improving food security must come from gains in agricultural productivity through better technology and more profitable crops. In the past, agricultural policy promoted hybrid maize and, more recently, tobacco to increase smallholder income. This paper presents an analysis of what determines the adoption of these two crops and what kind of income effects follow from adoption. Apart from factor endowment and exposure to agroecological risks, differences in the household's access to financial and commodity markets significantly influence its cropping shares and farm income.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Employment; Non-agricultural; Malawi; Tobacco; Price; Food Security; Maize; Crop Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97054
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MEASURING THE QUALITY OF IMPORTED TOBACCO AgEcon
Davis, George C.; Hewitt, William J..
Domestic tobacco producers have faced increasing competition from imported tobacco since the late 1970s. Much of the debate has centered on the unknown quality of imported tobacco. This study provides a discussion and clarification of the concept of quality, and demonstrates a method of measuring the average quality of imported tobacco. The results show that since 1977, imported tobacco has been steadily decreasing in average quality and moving toward lower quality producing countries and types of tobacco. The reasons for this decline are discussed along with the policy implications.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Index numbers; Quality; Tobacco; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15236
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METODOLOGIA DE AVALIAÇÃO DAS POLÍTICAS DE DIVERSIFICAÇÃO EM ÁREAS CULTIVADAS COM TABACO AgEcon
Perondi, Miguel Angelo; Bonato, Amadeu Antonio; Schneider, Sergio; Gregolin, Adriana Claderan; Peraci, Adoniran Sanches.
O artigo propõe um método para avaliar as políticas de diversificação em áreas de cultivo do tabaco. É um desenho em resposta à demanda apresentada pela Secretaria da Convenção das Partes da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) sobre a necessidade de haver uma metodologia para compararar as políticas de reconversão dos países produtores de fumo. O artigo relaciona o desenvolvimento rural com as políticas de combate a pobreza, principalmente, via a promoção da capacidade de diversificação. A seguir, descreve a presença econômica do tabaco no Mundo e no Brasil e trata das políticas públicas que contribuem para a diversificação nas áreas de cultivo do tabaco. Por fim, o artigo apresenta a abordagem de diversificação dos meios de vida como método de estudos...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Meios de vida; Diversificação; Agricultura familiar; Fumicultura; Livelihoods; Diversification; Family farm; Tobacco; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113985
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